Metal Material
Ekwenziweni kwesimanje, ukukhetha ithuluzi elilungile kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke, ngisho “nomakadebona basembonini” bavame ukulahlekelwa lapho bebhekene nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto kanye nezidingo zomshini. Ukuze sixazulule le nkinga, sihlanganise umhlahlandlela wamathuluzi okwenza imishini ezintweni ezingu-50 ezivamile.
1. Ingxubevange ye-Aluminium
Ingxubevange ye-Aluminium wuhlobo lwengxubevange eyakhiwe ngokuthatha i-aluminium njengengxenye eyinhloko bese wengeza ezinye izakhi (njengethusi, i-magnesium, i-silicon, i-zinc, i-manganese, njll.). Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu, isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana nezindiza, ezezimoto, ezokwakha kanye nokupakisha.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: I-lightweight, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukucutshungulwa okuhle, ukuguquguquka okuhle kukagesi nokushisayo.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: amathuluzi ensimbi enesivinini esikhulu (HSS), amathuluzi ensimbi ye-tungsten (carbide), amathuluzi ahlanganisiwe, amathuluzi ane-diamond coated (PCD), njengehss twist drill.
2. Insimbi engagqwali
Insimbi engagqwali ingxubevange yensimbi equkethe i-chromium engekho ngaphansi kuka-10.5%, imelana kakhulu nokugqwala. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni, emishinini yezokwelapha, ezitsha zasekhishini nasezintweni zamakhemikhali.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokushisa, amandla aphezulu emishini, ukuqina okuhle, ukusebenza kahle kwe-welding.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi e-Carbide, amathuluzi agcotshwe okungcono kakhulu (isib. i-TiN, i-TiCN). njengeumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
3. Ingxubevange ye-Titanium
Ama-alloys e-Titanium ama-alloys akhiwe nge-titanium nezinye izakhi (isb, i-aluminium, i-vanadium) futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu endaweni ye-aerospace, izimboni zezokwelapha kanye namakhemikhali ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu, isisindo esilula kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ukuminyana okuphansi, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, i-modulus ephansi yokunwebeka.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi akhethekile okwenza i-titanium, njengamathuluzi e-ceramic noma ensimbi ye-tungsten. Thandacarbide tipped hole cutter.
4. I-carbide enosimende
I-carbide enosimende iwuhlobo lwempahla eyinhlanganisela ehlanganisa i-tungsten carbide ne-cobalt, enobulukhuni obuphakeme kakhulu nokumelana nokugqokwa, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekusikeni amathuluzi nama-abrasives.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: ubulukhuni obukhulu, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle, ukumelana okuqinile nokuguqulwa.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: I-PCD (i-polycrystalline diamond) noma amathuluzi e-CBN (cubic boron nitride).
5. Ithusi
I-Brass iyingxubevange eyakhiwe ngethusi ne-zinc, esetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kwezinsimbi zikagesi, amapayipi kanye nezinsimbi zomculo ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: ukusebenziseka okuhle, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuguquguquka okuhle kukagesi nokushisa, ukumelana nokugqoka.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: amathuluzi ensimbi enesivinini esikhulu (i-HSS) noma i-tungsten steel (carbide), angasetshenziswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqokwa. njengeImishini yokuthengisa ye-HSS.
6. Ama-alloys asekelwe ku-nickel
Ama-alloys asekelwe ku-nickel angama-alloys asebenza kakhulu enziwe nge-nickel kanye nokwengezwa kwe-chromium, i-molybdenum nezinye izakhi. Zinokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu nokugqwala, futhi zivame ukusetshenziselwa izindiza, i-aerospace kanye nezinkambu zamakhemikhali.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana ne-oxidation, ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: amathuluzi e-carbide, ukwelashwa kwe-coating (njenge-TiAlN) ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokuguga. njengeumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
7. Ithusi
I-Copper iyinsimbi ene-conductivity enhle kakhulu kagesi kanye ne-thermal, esetshenziswa kabanzi kugesi, ukwakhiwa kanye nokushintshanisa ukushisa.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: ukuguquguquka okuhle kukagesi nokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukucubungula kalula, izakhiwo ze-antimicrobial.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Insimbi enesivinini esikhulu (i-HSS) noma insimbi ye-tungsten (i-carbide) ukuqinisekisa ukusika okuhlanzekile. njengehss twist drill.
8. Insimbi
I-Cast iron iwuhlobo lwe-iron alloy enekhabhoni ephezulu. Inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusakaza nokusebenza kokudambisa ukudlidliza, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenziweni kwemishini, izinkambu zezimoto nezokwakha.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: ubulukhuni obuphezulu, izakhiwo ezinhle zokuphonsa, izakhiwo ezinhle zokudambisa ukudlidliza, ukumelana nokugqoka, i-brittle.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi e-Carbide, ngokuvamile awagqokile noma ahlanganiswe ne-TiCN. njengeumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
9. Ama-Superalloys
Ama-Superalloy ayikilasi lezinto ezinamandla okushisa aphezulu kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation okuhle kakhulu, asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ze-aerospace kanye nezamandla.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla okushisa aphezulu, ukumelana ne-oxidation, ukumelana nokukhuphuka, ukumelana nokugqwala.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: I-CBN (i-cubic boron nitride) noma amathuluzi e-ceramic afanele ukuphatha le alloy ephezulu yokushisa.
10. Izinsimbi ezifakwe ukushisa
Insimbi ephethwe ukushisa iyacishwa futhi ifakwe umoya ukuze inikeze ubulukhuni obuphezulu namandla, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwenzeni amathuluzi nokwenza isikhunta.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: ubulukhuni obukhulu, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokushisa.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: amathuluzi e-carbide noma amathuluzi amboziwe (isb. i-TiAlN), imelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokuguga okuphezulu. njengeumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
11. Ama-alloys e-Aluminium-magnesium
Ama-alloys e-Aluminium-magnesium asekelwe ku-aluminium, ene-magnesium engeziwe ukukhulisa amandla nokumelana nokugqwala, futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ze-aerospace nezimboni zezimoto.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: i-lightweight, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukusebenza kahle kwemishini.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: I-Tungsten carbide (i-tungsten carbide) noma amathuluzi ensimbi yesivinini esikhulu (HSS), evamise ukugcotshwa nge-TiCN. njengehss twist drill.
12. Magnesium Alloys
Ama-alloys e-Magnesium ama-alloys asekelwe ku-magnesium anesisindo esilula kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ku-aerospace kanye ne-electronics.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: isisindo esilula, ukusebenziseka okuhle, ukuhanjiswa okuhle kwe-thermal, ukuvutha.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: insimbi ye-tungsten (i-tungsten carbide) noma amathuluzi ensimbi enesivinini esikhulu (HSS). Iphuzu eliphansi lokuncibilika kanye nokuvutha kwempahla kudingeka kucatshangelwe. njengeumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
13. I-Titanium ehlanzekile
I-titanium ehlanzekile inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo endaweni ye-aerospace, yezokwelapha kanye namakhemikhali ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, ukuminyana okuphansi kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ukuminyana okuphansi, ukumelana nokugqwala, i-biocompatibility enhle.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: amathuluzi e-carbide aklanywe ngokukhethekile noma amathuluzi e-ceramic adinga ukumelana nokugqoka futhi avimbele ukunamathela. njengeumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
14. Ama-zinc alloys
Ama-alloys e-zinc enziwe nge-zinc kanye nokwengezwa kwezinye izakhi (isib. i-aluminium, ithusi) futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezifayo kanye nezinto zokuhlobisa.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: ukusakaza okulula, indawo encibilikayo ephansi, izakhiwo ezinhle zemishini nokumelana nokugqwala.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Insimbi enesivinini esikhulu (HSS) noma amathuluzi ensimbi ye-tungsten (tungsten carbide) ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wokusika kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu. njengehss twist drill.
15. Ingxubevange ye-nickel-titanium (Nitinol)
I-Nitinol iyingxube ye-memory effect kanye ne-superelasticity, esetshenziswa kabanzi kumadivayisi wezokwelapha kanye ne-aerospace.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: umphumela wenkumbulo, i-superelasticity, ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, i-biocompatibility enhle.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi e-Carbide, ukumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu kanye nezakhiwo zokushisa eziphakeme kuyadingeka. njengeumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
16. Magnesium-aluminium alloys
Ingxubevange ye-Magnesium-aluminium ihlanganisa izinzuzo ze-magnesium ne-aluminium, nesisindo esilula namandla aphezulu, esetshenziswa kabanzi ku-aerospace kanye nezimboni zezimoto.
Izici ze-Material: I-lightweight, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukusebenza kahle, ukuvutha.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: amathuluzi ensimbi ephezulu (HSS) noma i-tungsten steel (carbide), kucatshangelwa ukuvutha kwezinto. njengehss twist drill.
17. Izinsimbi zobulukhuni obuphezulu kakhulu
Izinsimbi ezinokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu ziphathwa ngokukhethekile ukuze zinikeze ubulukhuni obuphezulu kakhulu nokumelana nokugqokwa futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ekwenzeni isikhunta nasekwenzeni amathuluzi.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: ubulukhuni obukhulu kakhulu, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: I-CBN (i-Cubic Boron Nitride) noma amathuluzi e-ceramic okucubungula izinto ezinobunzima obukhulu.
18. Izingxube zegolide
Ama-alloys egolide enziwe ngegolide axutshwe nezinye izakhi zensimbi (njengesiliva, ithusi) futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu kubucwebe, izinto zikagesi kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: i-conductivity enhle kakhulu kagesi neyokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala, i-ductility ephezulu, ukumelana ne-oxidation.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Insimbi enesivinini esikhulu (i-HSS) noma insimbi ye-tungsten (i-carbide) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokuqeda inqubo yokusika. njengeumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
19. Ama-alloys esiliva
Ama-alloys esiliva enziwe ngesiliva exutshwe nezinye izakhi zensimbi (isb. ithusi, i-zinc) futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni zokuthintana zikagesi, ubucwebe nezinhlamvu zemali.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: i-conductivity enhle kakhulu kagesi neyokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala, i-ductility ephezulu.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi ensimbi yejubane eliphezulu (HSS) noma i-tungsten steel (carbide), okudingeka abe bukhali futhi ahlale isikhathi eside. Thandaumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
20. Insimbi ye-Chromium-molybdenum
Insimbi ye-Chromium-molybdenum iyinsimbi enamandla aphansi ye-alloy equkethe izakhi ze-chromium ne-molybdenum, esetshenziswa kakhulu emikhunjini yokucindezela, imishini ye-petrochemical kanye nezingxenye zemishini.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuhle, ukumelana nokugqoka, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokugqwala.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi e-Carbide, afanele umshini wensimbi onamandla we-alloy. njengeumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
Izithombe
21. Insimbi ye-Tungsten
Insimbi ye-Tungsten iyingxubevange eqinile eyenziwe nge-tungsten carbide ne-cobalt. Inobulukhuni obuphezulu kakhulu kanye nokumelana nokugqoka futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni amathuluzi okusika kanye nama-abrasives.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: Ukuqina okuphezulu kakhulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nokumelana nokuguquka.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi e-CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) noma idayimane (PCD), afanele ukuphatha izinto ezinobulukhuni obuphezulu.
22. Ingxubevange ye-Tungsten-cobalt
Ingxubevange ye-Tungsten-cobalt iyingxubevange eqinile equkethe i-tungsten ne-cobalt enamandla amakhulu nokumelana nokugqokwa, okuvame ukusetshenziswa kumathuluzi okusika nokugaya.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle, nokumelana nomthelela omkhulu.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi e-carbide asamende, ukumelana nokuguga namandla aphezulu.
23. ingxube yethusi ye-beryllium
I-Beryllium i-alloy yethusi iqukethe ithusi ne-beryllium, enezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nokuqhutshwa kukagesi, okusetshenziselwa kabanzi ekwenzeni iziphethu, izingxenye zokuxhumana namathuluzi.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ubulukhuni obukhulu, ukuguquguquka okuhle kukagesi nokushisayo, ukumelana nokugqwala, okungewona uzibuthe.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: insimbi yesivinini esikhulu (i-HSS) noma insimbi ye-tungsten (i-carbide) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba komshini nokuqedwa kwendawo. Thandaumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
24. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (Inconel)
I-Inconel iyingxube ye-nickel-chromium esekelwe kumazinga okushisa aphezulu anezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, esetshenziswa kabanzi ku-aerospace namathuluzi amakhemikhali.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana ne-oxidation, ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: amathuluzi e-carbide noma amathuluzi e-ceramic, ukwelashwa kwe-coating (njenge-TiAlN) ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Thandaumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
25. High-chromium cast iron
I-high-chromium cast iron iwuhlobo lwensimbi ekhonjiwe equkethe i-chromium ephezulu, enokumelana okuhle nokuguga nokugqwala, evame ukusetshenziswa kumathuluzi abrasive nezingxenye zokugqokwa.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: ubulukhuni obuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukumelana ne-oxidation.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: amathuluzi e-carbide noma amathuluzi e-CBN (cubic boron nitride) okuqina okuphezulu kwensimbi. Thandaumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
26. Insimbi ephezulu-manganese
Insimbi ye-manganese ephezulu iwuhlobo lokumelana nokugqokwa okuphezulu kanye nensimbi yamandla omthelela omkhulu, esetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini yezimayini namathuluzi kaloliwe.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: ukumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nomthelela omuhle, ukuqina kokugqoka.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi e-Carbide, ukumelana nokuguga namandla aphezulu. Thandaumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
27. Ama-alloys e-Molybdenum
Ama-alloys e-molybdenum aqukethe i-elementi ye-molybdenum, anamandla aphezulu nobulukhuni obuphakeme, futhi avame ukusetshenziswa njengezinto zokwakha ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu nezinamandla aphezulu.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ubulukhuni obukhulu, ukumelana okuhle nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi e-Carbide, afanele amandla aphezulu kanye nezinto eziqinile ze-alloy. Thandaumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
28. Insimbi Yekhabhoni
I-Carbon steel iyinsimbi enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni phakathi kuka-0.02% no-2.11%. Izakhiwo zayo ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni, amabhuloho, izimoto kanye nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuhle kanye nepulasitiki, angabizi, kulula ukushisela nokuphatha ukushisa.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Insimbi enesivinini esiphezulu (HSS) noma amathuluzi e-carbide omshini ojwayelekile we-carbon steel machining.
29. Izinsimbi ezine-alloy ephansi
Izinsimbi ezine-alloy ephansi ziyizinsimbi izakhiwo zazo ezithuthukiswa ngokungezwa kwenani elincane lezakhi ze-alloying (isb. i-chromium, i-nickel, i-molybdenum) futhi zisetshenziswa kakhulu kubunjiniyela bemishini kanye nobunjiniyela bezakhiwo.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuhle, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukukhanda okulula.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Insimbi enesivinini esikhulu (HSS) noma amathuluzi e-carbide omshini ojwayelekile. Thandaumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
30. Izinsimbi eziqinile
Izinsimbi ezinamandla aphezulu ziyizinto eziphethwe ukushisa noma i-alloying izakhi zengezwe ukuze zithole amandla aphezulu nobulukhuni, futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa embonini yezimoto kanye nobunjiniyela bokwakha.
Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: amandla aphezulu, ubulukhuni obukhulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukuqina okuhle.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe: Amathuluzi e-Carbide okumelana nokugqokwa namandla aphezulu. Thandaumshini oqinile we-carbide twist.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-19-2024
