1. HRA

*Indlela yokuhlola kanye nesimiso:

-Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-HRA kusebenzisa i-diamond cone indenter, ecindezelwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo we-60 kg. Inani lokuqina linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

*Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezisebenzayo:

-Ikakhulukazi ifanele izinto eziqinile kakhulu, ezifana ne-carbides enosimende, insimbi encane, nezingubo eziqinile.

*Izimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile:

-Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathuluzi e-carbide enosimende, kufaka phakathiizivivinyo eziqinile ze-carbide twist.

-Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwezingubo eziqinile kanye nokwelashwa kwendawo.

-Izicelo zezimboni ezibandakanya izinto eziqinile kakhulu.

*Izici kanye nezinzuzo:

-Sifanele Izinto Eziqinile Kakhulu: Isikali se-HRA sifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukukala ubulukhuni bezinto eziqinile, sinikeze imiphumela yokuhlola enembile.

-Ukunemba okuphezulu: I-indenter yekhoni yedayimane inikeza izilinganiso ezinembile nezingaguquguquki.

-Ukuphindaphinda Okuphezulu: Indlela yokuhlola iqinisekisa imiphumela ezinzile futhi ephindaphindwayo.

*Ukucatshangelwa noma Imikhawulo:

-Ukulungiselela Isampula: Indawo yesampula kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

-Ukugcinwa Kwemishini: Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

2. I-HRB

*Indlela yokuhlola kanye nesimiso:

-Isivivinyo sokuqina kwe-HRB sisebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/16 inch, icindezelwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo ongu-100 kg. Inani lokuqina linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

*Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezisebenzayo:

-Ifanele kakhulu izinsimbi ezithambile, njenge-aluminium, ithusi, nezinsimbi ezithambile.

*Izimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile:

-Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi nemikhiqizo yensimbi ethambile.

- Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki.

-Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene zokukhiqiza.

*Izici kanye nezinzuzo:

-Sifanele Izinsimbi Ezithambile: Isikali se-HRB sifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukukala ubulukhuni bezinsimbi ezithambile, sinikeze imiphumela yokuhlola enembile.

-Umthwalo Omaphakathi: Isebenzisa umthwalo omaphakathi (100 kg) ukugwema ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile ezintweni ezithambile.

-Ukuphindaphinda Okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola yensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindwayo.

*Ukucatshangelwa noma Imikhawulo:

-Ukulungiselela Isampula: Indawo yesampula kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

-Umkhawulo Wezinto ezibonakalayo: Ayifanele izinto eziqinile kakhulu, njengeizivivinyo eziqinile ze-carbide twist, njengoba i-indenter yebhola yensimbi ingase yonakaliswe noma ikhiqize imiphumela engalungile.

-Ukugcinwa Kwemishini: Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

1. 3.HRC

*Indlela yokuhlola kanye nesimiso:

-Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-HRC kusebenzisa i-indenter yekhoni yedayimane, ecindezelwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo we-150 kg. Inani lokuqina linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

*Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezisebenzayo:

-Ikakhulukazi ifanele izinsimbi eziqinile nama-alloys aqinile.

*Izimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile:

-Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezinsimbi eziqinile, njengeizivivinyo eziqinile ze-carbide twistnezinsimbi zamathuluzi.

-Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kokusakazwa okuqinile kanye nama-forging.

-Izicelo zezimboni ezibandakanya izinto eziqinile.

*Izici kanye nezinzuzo:

-Ifanele Izinto Eziqinile: Isikali se-HRC sifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukulinganisa ubulukhuni bezinsimbi eziqinile nama-alloys, sinikeza imiphumela yokuhlola enembile.

-Umthwalo Ophakeme: Isebenzisa umthwalo ophezulu (150 kg), ifanele izinto eziqinile zobulukhuni.

-Ukuphindaphinda Okuphezulu: I-indenter yekhoni yedayimane inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindwayo.

*Ukucatshangelwa noma Imikhawulo:

-Ukulungiselela Isampula: Indawo yesampula kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

-Umkhawulo Wezinto: Ayizilungele izinto ezithambile kakhulu njengoba umthwalo ophezulu ungabangela ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile.

-Ukugcinwa Kwemishini: Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

4.HRD

*Indlela yokuhlola kanye nesimiso:

-Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-HRD kusebenzisa i-indenter yekhoni yedayimane, ecindezelwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo we-100 kg. Inani lokuqina linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

*Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezisebenzayo:

-Ifanele kakhulu izinsimbi eziqinile nama-alloys aqinile.

*Izimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile:

-Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezinsimbi eziqinile nama-alloys.

-Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathuluzi nezingxenye zemishini.

-Izicelo zezimboni ezibandakanya izinto eziqinile.

*Izici kanye nezinzuzo:

-Ifanele Izinto Eziqinile: Isikali se-HRD sifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukukala ubulukhuni bezinsimbi eziqinile nama-alloys, sinikeza imiphumela yokuhlola enembile.

-Ukunemba okuphezulu: I-indenter yekhoni yedayimane inikeza izilinganiso ezinembile nezingaguquguquki.

-Ukuphindaphinda Okuphezulu: Indlela yokuhlola iqinisekisa imiphumela ezinzile futhi ephindaphindwayo.

*Ukucatshangelwa noma Imikhawulo:

-Ukulungiselela Isampula: Indawo yesampula kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

-Umkhawulo Wezinto: Ayizilungele izinto ezithambile kakhulu njengoba umthwalo ophezulu ungabangela ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile.

-Ukugcinwa Kwemishini: Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

5.HRH

*Indlela yokuhlola kanye nesimiso:

-Isivivinyo sokuqina kwe-HRH sisebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/8 inch, icindezelwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo ongu-60 kg. Inani lokuqina linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

*Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezisebenzayo:

-Ifanele kakhulu izinto zensimbi ezithambile, njenge-aluminium, ithusi, ama-alloys omthofu, nezinsimbi ezithile ezingenayo insimbi.

*Izimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile:

-Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezinsimbi ezikhanyayo nama-alloys.

- Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-aluminium ekhonjiwe kanye nezingxenye ze-die-cast.

-Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezimbonini zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi.

*Izici kanye nezinzuzo:

-Ifanele Izinto Ezithambile: Isikali se-HRH sifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukukala ubulukhuni bezinto zensimbi ethambile, sinikeze imiphumela yokuhlola enembile.

-Umthwalo Ophansi: Isebenzisa umthwalo ophansi (60 kg) ukugwema ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile ezintweni ezithambile.

-Ukuphindaphinda Okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola yensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindwayo.

*Ukucatshangelwa noma Imikhawulo:

-Ukulungiselela Isampula: Indawo yesampula kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

-Umkhawulo Wezinto ezibonakalayo: Ayifanele izinto eziqinile kakhulu, njengeizivivinyo eziqinile ze-carbide twist, njengoba i-indenter yebhola yensimbi ingase yonakaliswe noma ikhiqize imiphumela engalungile.

-Ukugcinwa Kwemishini: Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

6.HRK

*Indlela yokuhlola kanye nesimiso:

-Isivivinyo sokuqina kwe-HRK sisebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/8 inch, icindezelwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo we-150 kg. Inani lokuqina linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

*Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezisebenzayo:

-Ikakhulukazi ifanele izinto zensimbi eziphakathi nendawo eziqinile ukuya kweziqinile, njengezinsimbi ezithile, insimbi yokusansimbi, nama-alloys aqinile.

*Izimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile:

-Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwensimbi nensimbi.

-Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathuluzi nezingxenye zemishini.

Izicelo -Industrial for medium to high ubulukhuni materials.

*Izici kanye nezinzuzo:

-Ukusebenza Okubanzi: Isikali se-HRK sifanele izinto zensimbi eziphakathi nendawo ezinzima ukuya kweziqinile, sinikeza imiphumela yokuhlola enembile.

-Umthwalo Ophakeme: Isebenzisa umthwalo ophezulu (150 kg), ifanele izinto eziqinile zobulukhuni.

-Ukuphindaphinda Okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola yensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindwayo.

*Ukucatshangelwa noma Imikhawulo:

-Ukulungiselela Isampula: Indawo yesampula kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

-Umkhawulo Wezinto: Ayizilungele izinto ezithambile kakhulu njengoba umthwalo ophezulu ungabangela ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile.

-Ukugcinwa Kwemishini: Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

7.HRL

*Indlela yokuhlola kanye nesimiso:

-Isivivinyo sokuqina kwe-HRL sisebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/4 inch, icindezelwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo ongu-60 kg. Inani lokuqina linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

*Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezisebenzayo:

-Ifanele ikakhulukazi izinto zensimbi ezithambile kanye namapulasitiki athile, njenge-aluminium, ithusi, ama-alloys omthofu, nezinye izinto zepulasitiki ezinobulukhuni obuphansi.

*Izimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile:

-Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezinsimbi ezikhanyayo nama-alloys.

- Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki nezingxenye.

-Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezimbonini zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi.

*Izici kanye nezinzuzo:

-Ifanele Izinto Ezithambile: Isikali se-HRL sifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukukala ubulukhuni bensimbi ethambile nempahla yepulasitiki, sinikeze imiphumela yokuhlola enembile.

-Umthwalo Ophansi: Isebenzisa umthwalo ophansi (60 kg) ukugwema ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile ezintweni ezithambile.

-Ukuphindaphinda Okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola yensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindwayo.

*Ukucatshangelwa noma Imikhawulo:

-Ukulungiselela Isampula: Indawo yesampula kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

-Umkhawulo Wezinto ezibonakalayo: Ayifanele izinto eziqinile kakhulu, njengeizivivinyo eziqinile ze-carbide twist, njengoba i-indenter yebhola yensimbi ingase yonakaliswe noma ikhiqize imiphumela engalungile.

-Ukugcinwa Kwemishini: Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

8.HRM

*Indlela yokuhlola kanye nesimiso:

-Isivivinyo sokuqina kwe-HRM sisebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/4 inch, icindezelwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo we-100 kg. Inani lokuqina linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

*Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezisebenzayo:

-Ikakhulukazi ifanele izinto zensimbi eziqinile eziphakathi nendawo kanye namapulasitiki athile, njenge-aluminium, ithusi, ama-alloys omthofu, nezinto zepulasitiki ezinobulukhuni obuphakathi.

*Izimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile:

-Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqina kokukhanya kuya kwezinsimbi zobulukhuni obuphakathi nama-alloys.

- Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki nezingxenye.

-Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezimbonini zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi.

*Izici kanye nezinzuzo:

-Sifanele Izinto Eziqinile Ezimaphakathi: Isikali se-HRM sifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukukala ubulukhuni bensimbi eqinile emaphakathi nezinto zepulasitiki, sinikeze imiphumela yokuhlola enembile.

-Umthwalo Omaphakathi: Isebenzisa umthwalo omaphakathi (100 kg) ukugwema ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile ezintweni eziqinile eziphakathi nendawo.

-Ukuphindaphinda Okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola yensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindwayo.

*Ukucatshangelwa noma Imikhawulo:

-Ukulungiselela Isampula: Indawo yesampula kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

-Umkhawulo Wezinto ezibonakalayo: Ayifanele izinto eziqinile kakhulu, njengeizivivinyo eziqinile ze-carbide twist, njengoba i-indenter yebhola yensimbi ingase yonakaliswe noma ikhiqize imiphumela engalungile.

-Ukugcinwa Kwemishini: Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

9.HRR

*Indlela yokuhlola kanye nesimiso:

-Isivivinyo sokuqina kwe-HRR sisebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/2 inch, icindezelwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo ongu-60 kg. Inani lokuqina linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

*Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezisebenzayo:

-Ifanele ikakhulukazi izinto zensimbi ezithambile kanye namapulasitiki athile, njenge-aluminium, ithusi, ama-alloys omthofu, nezinto zepulasitiki ezinobulukhuni obuphansi.

*Izimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile:

-Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezinsimbi ezikhanyayo nama-alloys.

- Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki nezingxenye.

-Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezimbonini zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi.

*Izici kanye nezinzuzo:

-Sifanele Izinto Ezithambile: Isikali se-HRR sifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukukala ubulukhuni bensimbi ethambile nempahla yepulasitiki, sinikeze imiphumela yokuhlola enembile.

-Umthwalo Ophansi: Isebenzisa umthwalo ophansi (60 kg) ukugwema ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile ezintweni ezithambile.

-Ukuphindaphinda Okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola yensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindwayo.

*Ukucatshangelwa noma Imikhawulo:

-Ukulungiselela Isampula: Indawo yesampula kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

-Umkhawulo Wezinto ezibonakalayo: Ayifanele izinto eziqinile kakhulu, njengeizivivinyo eziqinile ze-carbide twist, njengoba i-indenter yebhola yensimbi ingase yonakaliswe noma ikhiqize imiphumela engalungile.

-Ukugcinwa Kwemishini: Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

10.HRG

*Indlela yokuhlola kanye nesimiso:

-Isivivinyo sokuqina kwe-HRG sisebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/2 inch, icindezelwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo ongu-150 kg. Inani lokuqina linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

*Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezisebenzayo:

-Ifanele kakhulu izinto zensimbi eziqinile, njengezinsimbi ezithile, i-cast iron, nama-alloys aqinile.

*Izimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile:

-Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwensimbi nensimbi.

-Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathuluzi nezingxenye zemishini, kufaka phakathiizivivinyo eziqinile ze-carbide twist.

Izicelo -Industrial for ephakeme ubulukhuni materials.

*Izici kanye nezinzuzo:

-Ukusebenza Okubanzi: Isikali se-HRG sifanele izinto zensimbi eziqinile, sinikeza imiphumela yokuhlola enembile.

-Umthwalo Ophakeme: Isebenzisa umthwalo ophezulu (150 kg), ifanele izinto eziqinile zobulukhuni.

-Ukuphindaphinda Okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola yensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindwayo.

*Ukucatshangelwa noma Imikhawulo:

-Ukulungiselela Isampula: Indawo yesampula kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

-Umkhawulo Wezinto: Ayizilungele izinto ezithambile kakhulu njengoba umthwalo ophezulu ungabangela ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile.

-Ukugcinwa Kwemishini: Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

Isiphetho

Izilinganiso zobulukhuni be-Rockwell zihlanganisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlola ubulukhuni bezinto ezihlukene, ukusuka kokuthambile kakhulu kuye kokuqinile kakhulu. Isikali ngasinye sisebenzisa ama-indenta nemithwalo ehlukene ukukala ukujula kokuhlehlisa, sinikeze imiphumela enembile nephindaphindwayo efanele ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, ukukhiqiza, nokuhlolwa kwezinto ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Ukugcinwa njalo kwemishini kanye nokulungiswa kwesampula okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe izilinganiso ezinokwethenjelwa zobulukhuni. Ngokwesibonelo,izivivinyo eziqinile ze-carbide twist, ngokuvamile ezinzima kakhulu, zivivinywa kangcono kusetshenziswa izikali ze-HRA noma ze-HRC ukuze kuqinisekiswe izilinganiso zobulukhuni ezinembile nezingashintshi.

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